Substantia nigra echogenicity correlated with clinical features of Parkinson's disease

This is a large study looking at TCS in PD patients... the association with male gender has been reported before by some but not all investigators. However the association with markers of disease severity is unexpected and will require further replication....

Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2016 Jan 26. pii: S1353-8020(16)30021-9. doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.01.021. [Epub ahead of print]

Zhou HY, Sun Q, Tan YY, Hu YY, Zhan WW, Li DH, Wang Y, Xiao Q, Liu J, Chen SD.

BACKGROUND:

Transcranial sonography can display structural alterations in the substantia nigra (SN) of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), and is considered to be a potential useful tool for the diagnosis of PD. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between SN echogenicity and clinical features in Chinese patients with PD.

METHODS:

A total of 420 subjects including 290 patients with PD and 130 controls were recruited from the neurological clinic or the community. Transcranial sonographic evaluations of the SN were performed in all subjects, and motor and non-motor symptoms were thoroughly assessed by a series of rating scales in PD patients.

RESULTS:

Two hundred and one patients were successfully assessed by transcranial sonography. SN hyperechogenicity was found to be associated with male sex (p = 0.004), higher scores on the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) part II (p = 0.001) and autonomic symptoms scores (p = 0.003). Moreover, regression analysis revealed that UPDRS part II scores (odds ratio = 1.141, p < 0.001) and gender (odds ratio = 2.409, p = 0.007) could be the independent predictors for SN hyperechogenicity; in addition, among all items of UPDRS part II, speech, dressing, hygiene, and turning in bed and adjusting bed clothes significantly correlated with SN hyperechogenicity.

CONCLUSIONS:

This is the first report suggesting the correlation between SN echogenicity and UPDRS part II, and we conclude that increased SN echogenicity might reflect more severe disease disability or poorer medical response.